Economics Project Topics for Final Year Students (2026/2027)

Economics projects in Nigeria usually measure how one macroeconomic variable affects another, using time series data from the Central Bank of Nigeria, the National Bureau of Statistics or the World Bank. The topics below cover growth, poverty and welfare, trade and agriculture, and money and public policy.

Macroeconomics and growth

Effect of government capital expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria
Impact of inflation on economic growth in Nigeria
Exchange rate volatility and economic growth in Nigeria
Effect of external debt on economic growth in Nigeria
Impact of monetary policy on inflation in Nigeria
Effect of interest rates on domestic investment in Nigeria
Oil price shocks and macroeconomic performance in Nigeria
Effect of foreign direct investment on economic growth in Nigeria
Impact of diaspora remittances on household consumption in Nigeria
Unemployment and inflation in Nigeria: a test of the Phillips curve

Development, poverty and welfare

Determinants of poverty among rural households in Nigeria
Effect of human capital development on economic growth in Nigeria
Impact of government social intervention programmes on poverty reduction
Effect of rural-urban migration on agricultural output
Determinants of youth unemployment in Nigeria
Impact of education expenditure on economic development in Nigeria
Effect of health expenditure on life expectancy in Nigeria
Income inequality and economic growth in Nigeria
Effect of insecurity on economic activities in northern Nigeria
Impact of electricity supply on the output of small and medium enterprises

Trade, agriculture and industry

Effect of trade openness on economic growth in Nigeria
Impact of non-oil exports on economic growth in Nigeria
Effect of agricultural credit on agricultural output in Nigeria
Prospects of the African Continental Free Trade Area for Nigeria's trade
Determinants of food prices in Nigeria
Effect of manufacturing output on economic growth in Nigeria
Impact of import substitution policies on local production
Effect of the land border closure on the price of rice in Nigeria
Role of small-scale industries in employment generation
Effect of exchange rate depreciation on Nigeria's balance of trade

Money, finance and public policy

Effect of financial inclusion on poverty reduction in Nigeria
Impact of the cashless policy on money supply in Nigeria
Effect of the naira redesign policy on economic activities in Nigeria
Impact of fuel subsidy removal on transport costs and household spending
Effect of stock market development on economic growth in Nigeria
Effect of tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria
Fiscal deficits and inflation in Nigeria
Impact of corruption on foreign direct investment in Nigeria
Effect of bank credit to the private sector on economic growth
Determinants of household savings in Nigeria

How to choose a good economics project topic

Make sure the data exists for at least 25 to 30 years before you settle on a macroeconomic topic. The CBN Statistical Bulletin is the usual source.
State clearly which variable is dependent and which are independent, and add one or two control variables that economic theory supports.
Household and welfare topics can use survey data, but choose a community and sample you can reach within your budget.
Recent policies such as fuel subsidy removal and the naira redesign make strong topics, but they have only a few years of data, so a survey may suit them better than time series.

Research methods for economics projects

Time series projects usually test for stationarity (Augmented Dickey-Fuller), then use ordinary least squares, the ARDL bounds test or a vector error correction model, with tests for serial correlation and heteroscedasticity. Survey-based projects use descriptive statistics and regression, such as logit or probit for yes/no outcomes.

Narrow your topic before you submit it

A topic that is too broad is the most common reason supervisors send topics back. Add a place, a group of people and, where it helps, a time period. Instead of "Inflation in Nigeria", propose something like "Effect of inflation and exchange rate on the sales of small businesses in Onitsha Main Market".

Before you submit, check that the topic has not been done recently in your department, that you can collect the data in time, and that your supervisor agrees with the case study.

Project guides for economics students

Frequently Asked Questions

What are good economics project topics for the 2026/2027 session?

Good topics are current, narrow enough to finish in one session and have data you can collect. Examples from this list include "Effect of government capital expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria", "Determinants of poverty among rural households in Nigeria" and "Effect of trade openness on economic growth in Nigeria".

How do I narrow down a economics project topic?

Add a place, a group and a time frame. For example, instead of "Inflation in Nigeria", write "Effect of inflation and exchange rate on the sales of small businesses in Onitsha Main Market".

Can I use these economics project topics?

Yes. They are free, original topic ideas written for StudentToolsNG. Your department must approve your final topic, so discuss it with your supervisor, check it has not been done recently, and change the case study to a place you can reach.

Where can I get economics project materials?

For some of these topics, StudentToolsNG's Research Library has project guides with a model Chapter 1, a literature review map, the methodology and a questionnaire, which you adapt and complete with your own data.

Project topics for other departments

Accounting project topics · Nursing project topics · Computer Science project topics · Business Administration project topics · Banking and Finance project topics · Education project topics · Mass Communication project topics · Political Science project topics · Public Health project topics